No author?
If you are unable to find the author/artist then use the title in your signal phrase or the first word or two of the title in the parentheses.
No date?
If there is no date available then use the abbreviation "n.d." (for "no date").
Could I just include the year in my citation or do I need to provide the full date?
When possible, include the year, month, and date in references. If the month and date are not available, you may use the year of publication.
There are are many different types of figures, however, APA uses certain basic principles for all figure types.
Types of figures:
This section will cover the following examples:
For more examples and information, consult the following publications:
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association by Tips!
Online Map:
Title of work [Map]. (Date or date of latest update {Year, Month Day }). Site name (if needed). URL
Online Image/Web site;
Artist's last name, artist’s initials. (Year). Title of work [Online image]. Site name (if needed). URL
For each type of source in this guide, both the general form and an example will be provided.
The following format will be used:
In-Text Citation (Paraphrase) - entry that appears in the body of your paper when you express the ideas of a researcher or author using your own words. For more tips on paraphrasing check out The OWL at Purdue.
In-Text Citation (Quotation) - entry that appears in the body of your paper after a direct quote.
References - entry that appears at the end of your paper.
Information on citing and several of the examples were drawn from the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.).
